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397 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Tetanus in the Elderly: The Management of Intensive Care and Prolonged Hospitalization

Hiroki Isono, Taiju Miyagami, Kohta Katayama et al. · 2016 · Internal Medicine

Tetanus is a potentially fatal infection. Approximately 100 cases are reported in Japan each year; however, little is known about its clinical course and outcomes in the current era of treatment. We herein report three cases of tetanus in…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Ex vivo infection model for Francisella using human lung tissue

Kristin Köppen, Diana Fatykhova, Gudrun Holland et al. · 2023 · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Introduction Tularemia is mainly caused by Francisella tularensis ( Ft ) subsp. tularensis ( Ftt ) and Ft subsp. holarctica ( Ftt ) in humans and in more than 200 animal species including rabbits and hares. Human clinical manifestations depend on the route of infection and range from flu-like symptoms to severe pneumonia with a mortality rate up to 60% without treatment. So far, only 2D cell culture and animal models are used to study Francisella virulence , but the gained results are transferable to human infections only to a certain extent. Method In this study, we firstly established an ex

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Anticancer efficacy of the hypoxia‐activated prodrug evofosfamide is enhanced in combination with proapoptotic receptor agonists against osteosarcoma

Vasilios Liapis, Aneta Zysk, Mark DeNichilo et al. · 2017 · Cancer Medicine

Tumor hypoxia is a major cause of treatment failure for a variety of malignancies. However, hypoxia also leads to treatment opportunities as demonstrated by the development of compounds that target regions of hypoxia within tumors. Evofosfamide is a hypoxia-activated prodrug that is created by linking the hypoxia-seeking 2-nitroimidazole moiety to the cytotoxic bromo-isophosphoramide mustard (Br-IPM). When evofosfamide is delivered to hypoxic regions of tumors, the DNA cross-linking toxin, Br-IPM, is released leading to cell death. This study assessed the anticancer efficacy of evofosfamide in

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Breaking the outer membrane barrier: structure, targets, and antimicrobial strategies for Gram-negative bacteria

Fanzhuo Xu, Yu Xie, Weiwei Yu et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Microbiology

Multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has become a significant global public health challenge, threatening human health and clinical treatment outcomes. The unique outer membrane structure of these pathogens greatly limits antibiotic penetration, serving as the core mechanism of resistance. This paper systematically analyses antimicrobial strategies targeting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, mainly including: (1) directly disrupting the outer membrane structure and enhancing drug permeability; (2) inhibiting the biosynthesis or transport pathways of key outer membrane com

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

BMI variability and cardiovascular outcomes within clinical trial and real-world environments in type 2 diabetes: an IMI2 SOPHIA study

Robert Massey, Yu Chen, Marina Panova‐Noeva et al. · 2024 · Cardiovascular Diabetology

BACKGROUND: BMI variability has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes, however comparison between clinical studies and real-world observational evidence has been lacking. Furthermore, it is not known whether BMI variability has an effect independent of HbA1c variability. METHODS: We investigated the association between BMI variability and 3P-MACE risk in the Harmony Outcomes trial (n = 9198), and further analysed placebo arms of REWIND (n = 4440) and EMPA-REG OUTCOME (n = 2333) trials, followed by real-world data from the Tayside Bioreso

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Research advances in the study of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules on signaling pathway-mediated disease mechanisms

Zhuoxu Gu, Zhonghao Wang, Xianquan Zhang et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Pharmacology

As a modern dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules (TCMFG) maximally retains active metabolites through standardized production processes, including dynamic countercurrent extraction and low-temperature concentration. This serves as a critical material basis for elucidating its multi-target regulatory mechanisms. Recent studies have highlighted the significant potential of TCMFG in treating complex diseases, such as inflammation, tumors, metabolic disorders, fibrosis, and orthopedic conditions like osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, by modulati

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Advances and Perspectives in Curcumin Regulation of Systemic Metabolism: A Focus on Multi-Organ Mechanisms

Dingya Sun, Jialu Wang, Xin Li et al. · 2026 · Antioxidants

Curcumin, a natural polyphenol derived from turmeric, functions as a potent exogenous antioxidant and exhibits a range of benefits in the prevention and management of metabolic diseases. Despite its extremely low systemic bioavailability, curcumin demonstrates significant bioactivity in vivo, a phenomenon likely attributable to its accumulation in the intestines and subsequent modulation of systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. This article systematically reviews the comprehensive regulatory effects of curcumin on systemic metabolic networks-including glucose metabolism, amino acid metab

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Gut microbiome and its metabolites in liver cirrhosis: mechanisms and clinical implications

Luyuan Chang, Yang Liu, Haipeng Li et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Cirrhosis remains a significant global health burden, causing approximately 1.4-1.5 million deaths each year and contributing to nearly 46 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) worldwide. Increasing evidence identifies the gut-liver axis as a central driver of disease progression, wherein intestinal dysbiosis, barrier disruption, and microbe-derived metabolites collectively exacerbate inflammation, fibrogenesis, and related complications. Across more than 40 recent studies, gut microbial α-diversity declined by 30-60%, and over 80% reported a marked depletion of short-chain fatty acid

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Topological requirements of the mitochondrial heavy-strand promoters

Ornella Zollo, Neal Sondheimer · 2017 · Transcription

In vitro studies of mitochondrial transcription often use linear templates that fail to replicate key features of transcription on a circular genome. We developed a plasmid-based system for the analysis of heavy-strand promoters that…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Newly Developed Structure-Based Methods Do Not Outperform Standard Sequence-Based Methods for Large-Scale Phylogenomics

Giacomo Mutti, Eduard Ocaña‐Pallarès, Toni Gabaldón · 2025 · Molecular Biology and Evolution

Recent developments in protein structure prediction have allowed the use of this previously limited source of information at genome-wide scales. It has been proposed that the use of structural information may offer advantages over…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Sex-Specific Associations of Total Bilirubin, ALBI, and PALBI with Lung Cancer Risk: Interactions with Smoking and Alcohol

Jong Won Shin, Minh Nguyen Thien, Sun Ha Jee · 2025 · Healthcare

Background: Bilirubin is a potent endogenous antioxidant that plays a key role in regulating oxidative stress and inflammation, both closely linked to lung carcinogenesis. This study reinterprets the ALBI (Albumin–Bilirubin) and PALBI (Platelet–Albumin–Bilirubin) indices as composite markers of antioxidant and inflammatory status and evaluates their associations with lung cancer risk by sex, including stratified analyses by major lifestyle factors such as smoking and alcohol use. Methods: This study utilized data from the Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) cohort, which included 133,6

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Similarities and differences between dog–human and human–human relationships

Borbála Turcsán, Dorottya Júlia Ujfalussy, Andrea Kerepesi et al. · 2025 · Scientific Reports

Most dog owners in Western countries regard their dogs as companions or family members, prompting extensive research on the human-animal bond. However, many studies rely on broad categories or single dimensions, such as satisfaction or attachment, which can oversimplify the complexity of these relationships. In contrast, our study employed a multifaceted approach, examining the dog-owner bond across 13 relationship scales and comparing these scales to four different types of human relationships to reveal the human-like roles of dogs within a family. Participants (N = 717) characterized their r

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

A Potential Role of Progestin-Induced Laminin-5/α6-Integrin Signaling in the Formation of Side Branches in the Mammary Gland

Gabriele Meyer, Jeffrey R. Leipprandt, Jianwei Xie et al. · 2012 · Endocrinology

Mammary organoids from adult mice produce tubules, analogous to mammary ducts in vivo, in response to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) when cultured in collagen gels. The combination of HGF plus progestin (R5020) causes reduced tubule number…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Antibiotic use and gut microbiome composition links from individual-level prescription data of 14,979 individuals

Gabriel Baldanzi, Anna Larsson, Sergi Sayols-Baixeras et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine

Disruptions in gut microbiome are implicated in cardiometabolic disorders and other health outcomes. Antibiotics are known gut microbiome disruptors, but their long-term consequences remain underexplored. Here we combined individual-level data from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register with fecal metagenomes of 14,979 adults to examine the association between oral antibiotic use over 8 years and gut microbiome. In multivariable confounder-adjusted regression models, antibiotic use <1 year before fecal sampling was associated with the greatest reduction in species diversity, but significant asso

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

The gut–kidney axis in chronic kidney disease: mechanisms, microbial metabolites, and microbiome-targeted therapeutics

Sami Alobaidi · 2025 · Frontiers in Medicine

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a major global health issue, affecting millions and presenting persistent diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Conventional biomarkers such as serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate have well-recognized limitations, underscoring the need for novel diagnostic tools and interventions. Emerging evidence highlights the gut-kidney axis as a central contributor to CKD pathogenesis, shaped by microbial dysbiosis and altered metabolite production. Harmful metabolites such as indoxyl sulfate, p-cresyl sulfate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide promote

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Negative / Null Result ReportBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Increasing imputation and prediction accuracy for Chinese Holsteins using joint Chinese–Nordic reference population

Peipei Ma, Mogens Sandø Lund, Xiangdong Ding et al. · 2014 · Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics

This study investigated the effect of including Nordic Holsteins in the reference population on the imputation accuracy and prediction accuracy for Chinese Holsteins. The data used in this study include 85 Chinese Holstein bulls genotyped…

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Negative / Null Result ReportBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Modulation of autophagy: A phase II study of vorinostat (VOR) plus hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs regorafenib (RGF) in chemo-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Sukeshi Patel Arora, Laura Tenner, John Sarantopoulos et al. · 2019 · Journal of Clinical Oncology

3551 Background: Agents targeting the angiogenic pathway have been a cornerstone therapy in mCRC. In chemo-refractory mCRC, RGF, an oral multikinase inhibitor with considerable angiogenic inhibition, has shown modest effects on survival.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Accurate modeling of replication rates in genome-wide association studies by accounting for Winner’s Curse and study-specific heterogeneity

Jennifer Zou, Jinjing Zhou, Sarah Faller et al. · 2022 · G3 Genes Genomes Genetics

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of genetic variants associated with complex human traits, but only a fraction of variants identified in discovery studies achieve significance in replication studies. Replication in genome-wide association studies has been well-studied in the context of Winner's Curse, which is the inflation of effect size estimates for significant variants due to statistical chance. However, Winner's Curse is often not sufficient to explain lack of replication. Another reason why studies fail to replicate is that there are fundamental difference

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Genetic Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in the Look AHEAD Trial

Jeanne M. McCaffery, George D. Papandonatos, Lucy F. Faulconbridge et al. · 2015 · Psychosomatic Medicine

OBJECTIVES: Numerous studies have found elevated depressive symptoms among individuals with Type 2 diabetes, yet the mechanisms remain unclear. We examined whether genetic loci previously associated with depressive symptoms predict…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Novel ASK1 Inhibitor AGI-1067 Attenuates AGE-Induced Fibrotic Response by Suppressing the MKKs/p38 MAPK Pathway in Human Coronary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells

Zhongwei Liu, Shuang Shi, Haitao Zhu et al. · 2018 · International Heart Journal

The phenotype shifting of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was indicated to play a role during the initial stage of atherosclerotic plaque formation by facilitating extracellular matrix deposition. This study was aimed at investigating…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Diagnostic challenges in hemangioblastoma: lessons from a rare case presentation

Jayeshkumar Kanani · 2025 · The Egyptian Journal of Neurosurgery : the official publication of the Egyptian Society of Neurological Surgeons/Egyptian journal of neurosurgery

Abstract Background Hemangioblastomas are rare, slow-growing benign neoplasms predominantly affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Despite their benign nature, they pose diagnostic challenges due to their diverse clinical manifestations and radiological features. Case presentation. A 40-year-old male presented with chronic headaches and diplopia persisting for 8 years. Initial MRI revealed two cystic lesions in the cerebellum, causing compression and herniation. Surgical removal of one cyst yielded inconclusive results. Follow-up MRIs showed cyst growth and syrinx development. The patient

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Accurate prediction of quantitative traits with failed SNP calls in canola and maize

Sven E. Weber, Harmeet Singh Chawla, Lennard Ehrig et al. · 2023 · Frontiers in Plant Science

In modern plant breeding, genomic selection is becoming the gold standard to select superior genotypes in large breeding populations that are only partially phenotyped. Many breeding programs commonly rely on single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to capture genome-wide data for selection candidates. For this purpose, SNP arrays with moderate to high marker density represent a robust and cost-effective tool to generate reproducible, easy-to-handle, high-throughput genotype data from large-scale breeding populations. However, SNP arrays are prone to technical errors that lead to failed al

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Transcriptome Profiling in Rat Inbred Strains and Experimental Cross Reveals Discrepant Genetic Architecture of Genome-Wide Gene Expression

Pamela J. Kaisaki, Georg Otto, Karène Argoud et al. · 2016 · G3 Genes Genomes Genetics

Abstract To test the impact of genetic heterogeneity on cis- and trans-mediated mechanisms of gene expression regulation, we profiled the transcriptome of adipose tissue in 20 inbred congenic strains derived from diabetic Goto–Kakizaki (GK) rats and Brown–Norway (BN) controls, which contain well-defined blocks (1–183 Mb) of genetic polymorphisms, and in 123 genetically heterogeneous rats of an (GK × BN)F2 offspring. Within each congenic we identified 73–1351 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), only 7.7% of which mapped within the congenic blocks, and which may be regulated in cis. The remai

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

IKKα promotes lung adenocarcinoma growth through ERK signaling activation via DARPP-32-mediated inhibition of PP1 activity

Sk. Kayum Alam, Li Wang, Zhu Zhu et al. · 2023 · npj Precision Oncology

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80-85% cases of lung cancer cases. Diagnosis at advanced stages is common, after which therapy-refractory disease progression frequently occurs. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control NSCLC progression is necessary to develop new therapies. Overexpression of IκB kinase α (IKKα) in NSCLC correlates with poor patient survival. IKKα is an NF-κB-activating kinase that is important in cell survival and differentiation, but its regulation of oncogenic signaling is not well understood. We recently demonstrated that IK

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Negative / Null Result ReportBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Purinergic Signaling Regulates the Transforming Growth Factor-β3-Induced Chondrogenic Response of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Hydrostatic Pressure

Andrew J. Steward, Daniel J. Kelly, Diane R. Wagner · 2016 · Tissue Engineering Part A

Although hydrostatic pressure (HP) is known to regulate chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), improved insight into the mechanotransduction of HP may form the basis for novel tissue engineering strategies.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Gene therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Yuko Shimizu‐Motohashi · 2025 · Brain and Development

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked neuromuscular disorder caused by variants of the DMD that leads to progressive muscle degeneration. Recent advances in gene therapy have opened new therapeutic avenues, particularly through the use of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated micro-dystrophin delivery. Delandistrogene moxeparvovec, the first FDA-approved gene therapy for DMD, has demonstrated transgene expression and potential functional improvement in early phase trials, although its long-term efficacy, durability, and safety remain unconfirmed. Immune-mediated toxicities including

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Inhibiting the P2Y12 Receptor in Megakaryocytes and Platelets Suppresses Interferon-Associated Responses

Marcin A. Sowa, Haoyu Sun, Tricia T. Wang et al. · 2024 · JACC Basic to Translational Science

We investigated the impact of antiplatelet therapy on the megakaryocyte (MK) and platelet transcriptome. RNA-sequencing was performed on MKs treated with aspirin or P2Y12 inhibitor, platelets from healthy volunteers receiving aspirin or…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Population Genetics and Trajectory Simulation Reveals the Invasion Process of the Fall Armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda ) in the Eastern Hemisphere

Pengfei Fu, Xijie Li, Zhongxiang Sun et al. · 2025 · Evolutionary Applications

As a migratory agricultural pest, the fall armyworm has been in the spotlight since it invaded Africa in 2016. Invasive populations have now colonized much of the Eastern Hemisphere, causing severe damage to a wide range of crops. However, there is still disagreement internationally on the origin and mode of invasion of fall armyworm populations, especially from the Americas to China. In this study, we provided an in-depth insight into the invasion of the fall armyworm in the Eastern hemisphere based on genome-wide data from 124 fall armyworm individuals collected from 14 sites across three co

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Human cancer genomes harbor the mutational signature of tobacco-specific nitrosamines NNN and NNK

Michael Korenjak, Nuri A. Temiz, Stéphane Keïta et al. · 2026 · Genome Medicine

BACKGROUND: Tobacco use is linked to multiple cancer types and a quarter of cancer deaths. Tobacco smoke contains numerous mutagenic chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), however, the mutagenicity of many chemicals in…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Associations of common variants in TAAR5, OR6C70, and GBA with hyposmia in Han Chinese individuals with Parkinson’s disease

Yi-Lun Ge, Pu-Zhi Wang, Jia-Hui Yan et al. · 2022 · Advanced Neurology

Hyposmia is one of the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease (PD), with a considerably high prevalence rate in PD individuals. However, some individuals still retain normal olfactory function. Recent studies have shown that genetic factors may play a role in such a phenomenon. This study aimed to explore the potential genetic factors underlying the variation of olfactory function among PD individuals. Two hundred and three Han Chinese individuals with PD were recruited into this study. All the individuals underwent detailed clinical assessment conducted by experienced neurologists

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