e-ISSN: Pending
Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

At 75 Years, Is Lithium the Gold Standard in Bipolar Disorder?

Belmaker RH · 2025 · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

WASTE classifies this as Replication Failure · AI classification, approximate

A previously reported effect did not replicate here — verify it holds before you build on it.

Abstract (excerpt)

Lithium was the first discovered mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder. However, several antiepileptics such as valproate and carbamazepine have also proven to be mood stabilizers in all phases of bipolar disorder with profiles barely…

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WASTE indexes this work — it does not host or republish it. Failure-type classification is automated and approximate.

Metadata source: Europe PMC · DOI 10.3390/ph18121850