e-ISSN: Pending

Browse the failure-mode index

5 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Zoology · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessZoology

Ambient Air Temperature Does Not Predict whether Small or Large Workers Forage in Bumble Bees (Bombus impatiens)

Margaret J. Couvillon, Ginny Fitzpatrick, Anna Dornhaus · 2010 · Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

Bumble bees are important pollinators of crops and other plants. However, many aspects of their basic biology remain relatively unexplored. For example, one important and unusual natural history feature in bumble bees is the massive size variation seen between workers of the same nest. This size polymorphism may be an adaptation for division of labor, colony economics, or be nonadaptive. It was also suggested that perhaps this variation allows for niche specialization in workers foraging at different temperatures: larger bees might be better suited to forage at cooler temperatures and smaller

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessZoology

Spatial movements and habitat use of an opportunistic gull species in relation to their colony sites during the breeding season

Biljana Ječmenica, Louie Taylor, Jelena Kralj et al. · 2026 · Avian Research

The Yellow-legged Gull (Larus michahellis) is a widespread and opportunistic central-place forager during the breeding season, yet its spatial behavior and habitat use in Adriatic Sea remain poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate their foraging ranges, movement patterns, and habitat selection during the breeding season. In this study, we tracked 45 adult gulls from 9 breeding colonies distributed along the Adriatic coast using high-resolution GPS devices. Most individuals foraged relatively close to their breeding sites, typically within 20–50 km. However, some gulls demonstrated the ca

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessZoology

Efects of Usnic, Barbatic and Fumarprotocetraric acids on Survival of Nasutitermes corniger (Isoptera: Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae)

Monica C B Martins, Rosineide Silva Lopes, Patricia Silva Barbosa et al. · 2018 · Sociobiology

Lichens (Algal-Fungal association) synthesize unique chemical substances with different biological activities. Three pure lichen compounds were assayed to evaluate their potential insecticidal activity against the termite Nasutitermes corniger on Petri dishes. Usnic, fumarprotocetraric and barbatic acids were isolated and purified from the lichens Cladonia substellata, C. verticillaris and Cladia aggregata, respectively, using thin-layer and high-performance liquid chromatography for attesting their purity. Nuclear proton magnetic resonance and infrared spectrophotometry was used for their che

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessZoology

The Diet and Sexual Differences of the Caspian Bent-Toed Gecko, Tenuidactylus caspius (Squamata: Gekkonidae), in Northern Iran

Vida Hojati, Reza Babaei Savasari · 2014 · International Journal of Zoology

The Caspian bent-toed gecko, Tenuidactylus caspius, is one of the most common nocturnal lizards of Iran with widespread distribution especially in the northern provinces. This research was done in order to study the diet and sexual dimorphism of this species in Sari County from 5 May to 20 October. During this research, 40 specimens of them including 20 males and 20 females were studied for diet and 140 specimens including 70 adult males and 70 adult females were studied for sexual dimorphism. Prey items identified were insects that belong to 15 species of 8 families and 6 orders. The most com

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessZoology

Do as I do imitation in a steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus

Masahiro Sasaki, Hinano Kinoshita, Akitsugu Konno · 2025 · Animal Cognition

Abstract The present study explored whether a well-socialized Steller sea lion named Hama could reproduce similar actions with human demonstrations using the “Do as I do” (DAID) paradigm. Hama had learned 50 types of behaviors, but her social learning ability was unknown. In Study 1, we trained Hama to produce simultaneous DAID responses. After introducing the DAID training, we conducted four tests to confirm Hama’s acquisition of demonstrator-matching behavior. We found that Hama successfully acquired the action-matching ability for human actions, not only with three trained actions but also

View details →