e-ISSN: Pending
WASTE Journal

Browse the failure-mode index

11,412 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Trends and predictors of caesarean section in Thailand before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective analysis of national hospitalisation data under the Universal Coverage Scheme.

Karunayawong, Sukmanee, Butchon et al. · 2026 · BMJ open

Since 1985, the international healthcare community has recommended the ideal rate of caesarean section (CS) to be 10%-15% at the national level. The literature has reported that overused CS without necessary medical indications can be…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Evaluation of bone repair using sticky bone in preradiotherapy extraction sockets of head and neck cancer patients: a pre- and postradiotherapy follow-up.

Rodrigues, Macedo, de Paulo et al. · 2026 · Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology

To evaluate the effects of sticky bone a biomaterial composed of Solid-PRF (S-PRF), a variant of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and deproteinized bovine bone-on bone formation after tooth extraction performed prior to radiotherapy, with…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Impact of the platelet storage time on transfusion-related adverse reactions: A French hemovigilance study.

Pires Marafon, Reuter, Isola et al. · 2026 · Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Societe francaise de transfusion sanguine

The legal shelf life of platelet concentrates (PCs) has been extended from 5 to 7 days in France since 2018. Our study aimed to determine whether this increase in PC storage time has produced a significant impact on…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Effect of acute augmented feedback on between limb asymmetries and eccentric knee flexor strength during the Nordic hamstring exercise

Wade J. Chalker, Anthony J. Shield, David A. Opar et al. · 2018 · PeerJ

Background Hamstring strain injuries (HSI) are one of the most prevalent and serious injuries affecting athletes, particularly those in team ball sports or track and field. Recent evidence demonstrates that eccentric knee flexor weakness and between limb asymmetries are possible risk factors for HSIs. While eccentric hamstring resistance training, e.g. the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) significantly increases eccentric hamstring strength and reduces HSI risk, little research has examined whether between limb asymmetries can be reduced with training. As augmented feedback (AF) can produce sig

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The efficacy of valproate in acute mania, bipolar depression and maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder: an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses

Flávio Kapczinski, Jair Mari, Luiz Henrique Junqueira Dieckmann et al. · 2024 · BMJ Open

Objective This study aims to conduct an overview on the comparative efficacy of valproate in acute mania, bipolar depression and maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (BD).Method We performed an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024497749). We searched Medline and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Summary measures comparing valproate with placebo or other active drugs were described.Results We included 26 systematic reviews. For acute mania (31 RCTs, n=4376), valproate showed a significantly better

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of polishing effects of three polishing systems on machinable composite resins

LIU Yanan, WANG Likai, LIU Sisi et al. · 2019 · 口腔疾病防治

Objective To compare the polishing effects of three different polishing systems on machinable compos⁃ ite resins and to provide a basis for the rational selection of polishing systems in the clinic. Methods Block HC, Cerasmart, and Hyramic were fabricated into 90 test pieces. Then, 30 test pieces for each material were randomly divid⁃ ed into 3 groups with 10 pieces per group. The pieces were polished with the Vita Enamic® Polishing Set (Vita group), EVE RA341 composite polishing set (Eve group), and Toboo M elastic ceramic polishing set (Tob group). The surface roughness and gloss of each tes

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Duration of Untreated Psychosis in Chinese and Mauritian: Impact of Clinical Characteristics and Patients' and Families' Perspectives on Psychosis.

Jaya Prishni Devi Thakoor, Huixi Dong, Xiaojie Zhang et al. · 2016 · PLoS ONE

Background Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is a potentially modifiable prognostic factor of course and prognosis of psychiatric disorders. Few studies have demonstrated that different cultural backgrounds or perspectives on psychosis may be important factors to the DUP. This study attempted to explore whether the DUP was different in Chinese and Mauritians and to clarify potential influencing factors to a long DUP (>3 months). Methods 200 patients from China and 100 patients from Mauritius were enrolled in the study. Their respective family members were also recruited. Demographic and cl

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of Mobilisation with Movement and Cryotherapy in Shoulder Impingement Syndrome-A Randomised Clinical Trial

Saumya Srivastava, Charu Eapen, Harramb Mittal · 2018 · Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research

Introduction: Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (SIS) is one of the common cause of shoulder ailment which leads to pain and restriction of the movements. Though Mobilisation with Movement and cryotherapy, both are found to be effective in managing SIS, there is no comparison done between the two treatments. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of Mobilisation With Movement (MWM) and cryotherapy in SIS. Materials and Methods: A randomised clinical trial was conducted on 22 subjects who aged between 18-64 years, and those who had a positive painful arc, three positive tests out of five i.e., Neer’s Im

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Body Mass Index and Risk of Prostate Volume, International Prostate Symptom Score, Maximum Urinary Flow Rate, and Post-Void Residual in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients

Bing-Hui Li, Tong Deng, Qiao Huang et al. · 2019 · American Journal of Men's Health

The objective of this study was to evaluate association between body mass index (BMI) and prostate volume (PV), international prostate symptom scores (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate ( Q max ), and post-void residual (PVR) of Chinese benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients. All newly diagnosed BPH patients between September 2016 and August 2018 were selected and 788 patients were included. According to BMI, the patients were categorized into four groups, while according to PV, IPSS, Q max , and PVR, they were categorized into two groups based on clinical significant cutoffs. Univariable a

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Neuromuscular dynamics during isometric knee contractions: effects of target force, knee angle, and tibial rotation on force steadiness

Han Yuan, Maeng-Kyu KIM · 2025 · Scientific Reports

Abstract This study investigated neuromuscular variations across low to moderate target force levels, three knee joint angles and tibial rotation positions, examining their correlations with muscle morphology and their collective impact on force steadiness (FS). Twelve young adult males performed knee extension tasks under three different tibial rotation conditions: internal rotation (IR), neutral rotation (NR), and external rotation (ER). All tasks involved submaximal isometric contractions at the knee joint. Participants performed submaximal isometric contractions at three knee joint angles

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Application and limitation of a biological clock-based method for estimating time of death in forensic practices

Akihiko Kimura, Yuko Ishida, Mizuho Nosaka et al. · 2023 · Scientific Reports

Abstract Estimating time of death is one of the most important problems in forensics. Here, we evaluated the applicability, limitations and reliability of the developed biological clock-based method. We analyzed the expression of the clock genes, BMAL1 and NR1D1, in 318 dead hearts with defined time of death by real-time RT-PCR. For estimating the time of death, we chose two parameters, the NR1D1/BMAL1 ratio and BMAL1/NR1D1 ratio for morning and evening deaths, respectively. The NR1D1/BMAL1 ratio was significantly higher in morning deaths and the BMAL1/NR1D1 ratio was significantly higher in e

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Is genu varum a risk factor for the prevalence and severity of achilles tendinopathy? A cross-sectional study of Nigerian elite track and field athletes

Ayoola Ibifubara Aiyegbusi, Bosede Abidemi Tella, Ganiyat Adebanke Sanusi · 2020 · Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal

Background: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is one of the most frequently reported ankle and foot overuse injuries. Prior studies have reported altered biomechanical variables of the lower limb as risk factors for the prevalence and severity of AT in athletes, especially in Caucasians, but there are few reports on African elite athletes. Because it is established that anthropometric and biomechanical values vary with racial disposition, this study was designed to investigate the association between selected physical and biomechanical variables of the lower limb and the prevalence and severity of AT

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The dietary patterns of 12-year-old children and their awareness about the effect of diet on oral health in Iran

Maryam Rad, Arash Shahravan, Ali Akbar Haghdoost · 2017 · Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Foods containing carbohydrates have a major effect on the pathogenesis of dental caries. There is a direct correlation between frequency of consumption of foods containing sugar and dental caries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dietary patterns of 12-year-old children and their awareness about the effect of diet on oral health in Iran. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1554 children aged 12 years in 5 provinces in Iran. Subjects were selected based on a multistage stratified cluster random sampling procedure. Data were collected by a cultural

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Estimation of Serum Ferritin Levels in Blood Donors and its Association with Frequency of Blood Donation and Blood Indices

Amrita S Kumar, A Geetha, Jim Joe et al. · 2021 · Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research

Introduction: Blood donation is one of the most significant contributions that a person can make towards the society. A donor generally donates maximum 450 mL of blood at the time of donation. If 450 mL of blood is taken in a donation, men lose 242±17 mg and women lose 217±11 mg of iron. Hence, adequate iron stores are very important in maintenance of the donor’s health. Aim: To assess the influence of frequency of blood donation on iron levels of blood donors by estimating Haemoglobin (Hb) and other blood indices which reflect iron status of blood and serum ferritin which reflects body iron s

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

DIASTASIS RECTI ABDOMINIS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN POSTPARTUM WOMEN

Muhammad Hussain Iqbal, Tanveer Hussain, Fariha Khalid et al. · 2020 · Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal

Objective: To determine the frequency of diastasis recti abdominis and its associated risk factors in postpartum women. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Omar Medical Center Lahore, Yaseen Medical Center Lahore and Social Security Hospital Lahore, from Sep 2019 to Dec 2019. Methodology: This study included 128 participants fulfilling the eligibility criteria. The assessment of diastasis recti abdominis was done manually by a female physiotherapist using single finger, double finger and three finger methods on abdomen at three levels: at the umbilicus, 4.5 cm bel

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Assessment of Retinal and Choroidal Measurements in Chinese School-Age Children with Cirrus-HD Optical Coherence Tomography.

Tao Li, Xiaodong Zhou, Zhi Wang et al. · 2016 · PLoS ONE

To evaluate retinal thickness (RT), retinal volume (RV) and choroidal thickness (ChT) in Chinese children using Cirrus-HD optical coherence tomography (OCT), and assess their associations with spherical equivalent (SE), age and gender.This was a prospective study that recruited 193 healthy Chinese children (193 eyes) with no ophthalmic disease history between December 2012 and December 2013. RT and RV were acquired using OCT. Subfoveal ChT (SFCT) and ChT1-mm and 2-mm temporal, nasal, superior and inferior to the fovea were measured manually.RT in the inner temporal and nasal regionsdiffered si

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The association between growth factors and blood factors with early childhood caries

Hoda Shamsaddin, Fatemeh Jahanimoghadam, Hamidreza Poureslami et al. · 2017 · Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a specific form of rampant dental caries affecting infants and young children. ECC is still a problem that threatens the health of the community and its management is important. It is believed that the majorities of children with ECC also suffer from malnutrition, anemia, low weight and altered physical growth patterns. This study was undertaken to compare blood indices [mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hemoglobin and serum ferritin] in a population of children in Kerman, Iran, and the association between growth factors, blood parameters, and E

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Cancer Incidence in Hemodialysis Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease

Yousef Roosta, Ahmad Nazarpour, Farhad Behzadi et al. · 2025 · Disease and Diagnosis

Background: The number of individuals undergoing dialysis is rising. Impaired renal function has been linked to a heightened risk of cancer. This study aimed to examine cancer incidence among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed the medical records of individuals with newly diagnosed end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who initiated HD sessions between July 2018 and December 2023 at Urmia Imam Khomeini hospital. The data collected for this study included patient demographics, underlying diseases, malignancy status, and duration of mali

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Thiopurine methyltransferase genotype and activity cannot predict outcomes of azathioprine maintenance therapy for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis: A retrospective cohort study.

Arno C Hessels, Abraham Rutgers, Jan Stephan F Sanders et al. · 2018 · PLoS ONE

Azathioprine is a widely used immunosuppressive drug. Genetic polymorphisms and activity of the enzyme thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) have been associated with azathioprine efficacy and toxicity in several populations. We investigated whether these associations also exist for ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) patients, who receive azathioprine maintenance therapy after remission induction with cyclophosphamide.207 AAV patients treated with cyclophosphamide induction and azathioprine maintenance therapy were included and followed for 60 months. TPMT genotype and tertiles of TPMT activity we

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The effect of foetal growth restriction on the development of migraine and tension-type headache in adulthood. The HUNT Study.

Sigrid Børte, Bendik S Winsvold, Synne Øien Stensland et al. · 2017 · PLoS ONE

Background There is little knowledge about how factors early in life affect the development of migraine and tension-type headache. We aimed to examine whether growth restriction in utero is associated with development of migraine and frequent tension-type headache in adults. Methods The population-based Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT 3) contained a validated headache questionnaire, which differentiated between migraine and tension-type headache. These data were linked to information on weight and gestational age at birth from the Norwegian Medical Birth Registry. In total 4557 females and 2

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Post hoc analysis of a randomised controlled trial: effect of vitamin D supplementation on circulating levels of desmosine in COPD

Rob Janssen, Jef Serré, Ianthe Piscaer et al. · 2020 · ERJ Open Research

Background Vitamin D supplementation lowers exacerbation frequency in severe vitamin D-deficient patients with COPD. Data regarding the effect of vitamin D on elastin degradation are lacking. Based on the vitamin's anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesised that vitamin D supplementation reduces elastin degradation, particularly in vitamin D-deficient COPD patients. We assessed the effect of vitamin D status and supplementation on elastin degradation by measuring plasma desmosine, a biomarker of elastin degradation. Methods Desmosine was measured every 4 months in plasma of 142 vitamin D-na

View details →