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270 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine · Replication Failure. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Replication FailureMedicine

A multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with residual plasma EBV DNA (EBV DNA) following primary radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiation (CRT).

Anthony T.�C. Chan, Edwin P. Hui, Roger K.C. Ngan et al. · 2017 · Journal of Clinical Oncology

6002 Background: The benefit of adjuvant CT in NPC is unclear. Post-RT EBV DNA predicts poor survival and may be a biomarker of subclinical residual disease. We conducted a biomarker driven RCT using post-RT EBV DNA to select high risk NPC…

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

The Effect of Genetic Variation on the Placental Transcriptome in Humans

Triin Kikas, Kristiina Rull, Robin N. Beaumont et al. · 2019 · Frontiers in Genetics

= 6830) did not replicate these findings. In summary, the study emphasizes the role of genetic variation in driving the transcriptome profile of the human placenta and the importance to explore further its functional implications.

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab versus Transarterial Chemoembolization Alone in Intermediate‐stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Yitao Zheng, Yan‐Jun Xiang, Hongqi Shi et al. · 2024 · Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Purpose: Combining transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with systemic therapy has shown significant efficacy for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. This study aimed to validate the therapeutic efficacy of TACE…

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Inhibition of FcRn with rozanolixizumab in adults with immune thrombocytopenia: Two randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase 3 studies and their open‐label extension

Nichola Cooper, James B. Bussel, Maciej Kaźmierczak et al. · 2024 · British Journal of Haematology

Summary Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an antiplatelet‐antibody‐mediated disorder with accelerated platelet clearance and decreased platelet production. Rozanolixizumab, a monoclonal IgG4 anti‐FcRn antibody, blocks IgG recycling and decreases IgG levels. We report efficacy and safety of rozanolixizumab in adults with persistent/chronic ITP in 24‐week phase 3 studies (TP0003; TP0006), and their 52‐week open‐label extension (OLE). Primary end‐point was durable clinically meaningful platelet response (DCMPR) of ≥50 × 10 9 /L for 8/12 weeks during Weeks 13–25 in the double‐blind studies.

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Long-Term Outcomes of Left Bundle-Branch Pacing vs Biventricular Pacing in Heart Failure

Xueying Chen, Xi Liu, Ruogu Li et al. · 2026 · JAMA Cardiology

Importance: Left bundle-branch pacing (LBBP) has been proposed as an alternative to biventricular pacing (BiVP) for patients with heart failure with left bundle-branch block (LBBB). However, robust clinical evidence from randomized clinical trials is lacking. Objective: To evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of LBBP and BiVP. Design, Setting, and Participants: This multicenter, prospective, randomized clinical trial enrolled 200 patients at 6 centers in China with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 35% or less and LBBB from October 2020 to March 2022. This study was took place

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

CAR T-Cell Targeting of Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptor

Daniela Achkova, Richard Beatson, John Maher · 2022 · Cells

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) is found in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage and is aberrantly expressed in a range of tumours, in addition to tumour-associated macrophages. Consequently, a variety of cancer therapies directed against M-CSFR are under development. We set out to engineer chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that employ the natural ligands of this receptor, namely M-CSF or interleukin (IL)-34, to achieve specificity for M-CSFR-expressing target cells. Both M-CSF and IL-34 bind to overlapping regions of M-CSFR, although affinity of IL-34 is significa

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Transarterial chemoembolization plus atezolizumab and bevacizumab in patients with intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-arm, phase 2 trial

Kang Wang, Jinkai Feng, Hongming Yu et al. · 2025 · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the standard treatment for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet its efficacy as a standalone therapy remains suboptimal. This phase 2 trial (ChiCTR2100049829) evaluated the feasibility and safety of TACE combined with atezolizumab and bevacizumab in patients with intermediate-stage HCC. Participants received TACE followed by atezolizumab and bevacizumab until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or death. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) assessed per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Randomized trial investigating the utility of a liver tissue transcriptional biomarker in identifying adult liver transplant recipients not requiring maintenance immunosuppression

Julien Vionnet, Jorge P. Torres-Yaguana, Rosa Miquel et al. · 2024 · American Journal of Transplantation

The maintenance of stable allograft status in the absence of immunosuppression (IS), known as operational tolerance, can be achieved in a small proportion of liver transplant recipients, but we lack reliable tools to predict its spontaneous development. We conducted a prospective, multicenter, biomarker-strategy design, IS withdrawal clinical trial to determine the utility of a predictive biomarker of operational tolerance. The biomarker test, originally identified in a patient cohort with high operational tolerance prevalence, consisted of a 5-gene transcriptional signature measured in liver

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Once-weekly semaglutide versus placebo in patients with alcohol use disorder and comorbid obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Mette Kruse Klausen, Signe Justesen, Julie Niemann Pedersen et al. · 2026 · The Lancet

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use disorder accounts for 5% of deaths worldwide annually, and there is an urgent need for new therapeutic interventions. Preclinical and initial human studies indicate that the GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide might reduce alcohol drinking. This study evaluated the efficacy of semaglutide once-weekly in treatment-seeking patients with alcohol use disorder and comorbid obesity. METHODS: In a 26-week, single-centre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, treatment-seeking participants with moderate to severe alcohol use disorder and comorbid obesity were ass

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Triple cardiovascular disease detection with an artificial intelligence-enabled stethoscope (TRICORDER) in the UK: a cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial

Mihir A Kelshiker, Patrik Bächtiger, Camille F Petri et al. · 2026 · The Lancet

BACKGROUND: Early detection of cardiovascular disease is a global public health priority. Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled stethoscopes offer robust performance characteristics in point-of-care detection of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and valvular heart disease (VHD). We conducted a pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial to determine the real-world effect and implementation challenges of AI-stethoscopes. METHODS: UK primary care practices were cluster randomised 1:1 to intervention (training and implementation in use of AI-stethoscopes in routine care) or con

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

A Phase II Study of Potentiation of Pembrolizumab with Binimetinib and Bevacizumab in Refractory Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer

Robert W. Lentz, Tyler J. Friedrich, Patrick J. Blatchford et al. · 2024 · Clinical Cancer Research

PURPOSE: In this single-institution phase II investigator-initiated study, we assessed the ability of MAPK and VEGF pathway blockade to overcome resistance to immunotherapy in microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer (MSS mCRC).…

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Replication FailureMedicine

Treatment of Melasma Using Low-Fluence QS Nd: YAG (1064 nm) Laser: A Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Sadeghpour M, Laughter M, Rizzo SI et al. · 2026 · Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]

Background Despite evidence supporting efficacy of low-fluence Q-switched (QS) neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) 1,064-nm lasers, treatment protocols are not standardized and limited to mostly retrospective, observational,…

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Replication FailureMedicine

TFPI2 expression predicts resistance to immunotherapy plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor and informs first-line therapy selection in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Wang J, Du L, Wang Y et al. · 2026 · Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

Purpose Combinations of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy (IO) and anti-VEGF tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) are recommended as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of tissue…

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Replication FailureMedicine

Efficacy of abdominal drainage in perforated appendicitis: a retrospective single-center study using AAST grading and inverse probability treatment weighting analysis.

Wang C, Li S, Lu H et al. · 2026 · BMC gastroenterology

Background While routine use of abdominal drainage in cases of perforated appendicitis is not generally recommended, there exists a paucity of evidence regarding the detailed stratification of its necessity based on varying degrees of…

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Replication FailureMedicine

Mean Platelet Volume Shows Distinct Patterns Between Mitral and Aortic Valve Replacement Patients but Does Not Predict Anticoagulation Quality in Mechanical Heart Valves.

Can V, Polat F, Kaya AF et al. · 2026 · Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology

Abstract Mechanical heart valve replacement necessitates long-term warfarin anticoagulation to prevent thromboembolic complications, yet achieving adequate anticoagulation control remains challenging. This study evaluated whether mean…

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Analysis of the association between history of gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders in a subsequent pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study.

Liu Y, Zhong S, Zhong K et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in endocrinology

Aim To investigate the association between history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in subsequent pregnancy (s-HDP). Methods A retrospective cohort of 5, 928 women with two…

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